- when upper front teeth stand very much in front compared to those below
- when upper front teeth completely cover up lower teeth
- when upper front teeth are behind lower teeth
- when front teeth do not touch (i.e. there is a gap)
- when teeth are crooked
- when the upper and lower jaws do not fit together
- when a child is still ‘sucking’ something (e.g. a thumb or an object) beyond 8 years
- when chewing is difficult
- when lower jaw slides to one side
- when there are spaces between teeth